全文获取类型
收费全文 | 57810篇 |
免费 | 6354篇 |
国内免费 | 4077篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 4598篇 |
技术理论 | 15篇 |
综合类 | 8455篇 |
化学工业 | 3260篇 |
金属工艺 | 1112篇 |
机械仪表 | 3407篇 |
建筑科学 | 11607篇 |
矿业工程 | 1604篇 |
能源动力 | 1569篇 |
轻工业 | 849篇 |
水利工程 | 1219篇 |
石油天然气 | 1310篇 |
武器工业 | 823篇 |
无线电 | 5603篇 |
一般工业技术 | 5606篇 |
冶金工业 | 2363篇 |
原子能技术 | 493篇 |
自动化技术 | 14348篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 95篇 |
2023年 | 815篇 |
2022年 | 1212篇 |
2021年 | 1507篇 |
2020年 | 1706篇 |
2019年 | 1498篇 |
2018年 | 1546篇 |
2017年 | 1810篇 |
2016年 | 2057篇 |
2015年 | 2201篇 |
2014年 | 3684篇 |
2013年 | 3811篇 |
2012年 | 4026篇 |
2011年 | 4508篇 |
2010年 | 3724篇 |
2009年 | 3803篇 |
2008年 | 3849篇 |
2007年 | 4117篇 |
2006年 | 3715篇 |
2005年 | 3098篇 |
2004年 | 2480篇 |
2003年 | 2047篇 |
2002年 | 1734篇 |
2001年 | 1425篇 |
2000年 | 1226篇 |
1999年 | 1041篇 |
1998年 | 782篇 |
1997年 | 656篇 |
1996年 | 565篇 |
1995年 | 559篇 |
1994年 | 453篇 |
1993年 | 376篇 |
1992年 | 357篇 |
1991年 | 233篇 |
1990年 | 195篇 |
1989年 | 221篇 |
1988年 | 171篇 |
1987年 | 90篇 |
1986年 | 113篇 |
1985年 | 82篇 |
1984年 | 76篇 |
1983年 | 53篇 |
1982年 | 64篇 |
1981年 | 53篇 |
1980年 | 38篇 |
1979年 | 38篇 |
1978年 | 34篇 |
1977年 | 32篇 |
1964年 | 28篇 |
1955年 | 37篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 156 毫秒
81.
Loadbearing capacity of infill masonry walls considering the deformation‐based membrane effect 下载免费PDF全文
《Mauerwerk》2018,22(3):151-161
According to currently valid codes, it is not possible to determine the loadbearing capacity of unreinforced infill walls considering the deformation‐based membrane effect by incorporating the exact support conditions. One reason for this is the lack of a validated calculation procedure, which in addition to the equilibrium conditions also realistically represents the compatibility conditions of these systems. In the present paper, therefore, a new non‐linear analytical calculation procedure is presented. The main focus of the analysis of walls subject to area loading is the incorporation of the support conditions and thus the consideration of the deformation‐based membrane compressive force. Through generalised formulation and a standardised notation of the determination equations, different material behaviours and various support conditions can be taken into account with few parameters. On the action side, both lighter loading like wind loads and heavier loading like explosion loads can be considered. Through the implementation of the partial factor concept, it is possible to comply with the requirements of European codes and thus ensure the applicability of the analysis model. 相似文献
82.
Sumiyana Sumiyana Sriwidharmanely Sriwidharmanely 《Behaviour & Information Technology》2020,39(10):1079-1093
ABSTRACT This research investigates the role of users’ proactive personality when they mitigate the adverse impacts of ICT's (information and communication technologies’) technostress in an experimental setting. Further, this study examines genuinely two types of individuals’ proactive personality, i.e. confront and transform. Both types can handle ICT's technostress creators by different attitudes and behaviours. This article contributes to a novelty by inducing chaos theory. This inducement laid in the experimental setting that the users had been in a chaotic situation. Results of this research show that users’ proactive personality mitigates the negative impact of ICT's technostress on their performance and satisfaction. This study found that the user's proactive personality, rested in a chaotic situation, does mitigate greatly. This research finds that users’ performance and satisfaction are higher to the proactive personality verging to the transform than that of confront. It implies that information system managers should consider the ICT user's characteristics. Besides, it means that ICT's developer should make users do their innovativeness. 相似文献
83.
In the cases that the historical data of an uncertain event is not available, belief degree-based uncertainty theory is a useful tool to reflect such uncertainty. This study focuses on uncertain bi-objective supply chain network design problem with cost and environmental impacts under uncertainty. As such network may be designed for the first time in a geographical region, this problem is modelled by the concepts of belief degree-based uncertainty theory. This article is almost the first study on belief degree-based uncertain supply chain network design problem with environmental impacts. Two approaches such as expected value model and chance-constrained model are applied to convert the proposed uncertain problem to its crisp form. The obtained crisp forms are solved by some multi-objective optimization approaches of the literature such as TH, Niroomand, MMNV. A deep computational study with several test problems are performed to study the performance of the crisp models and the solution approaches. According to the results, the obtained crisp formulations are highly sensitive to the changes in the value of the cost parameters. On the other hand, Niroomand and MMNV solution approaches perform better than other solution approaches from the solution quality point of view. 相似文献
84.
空间核反应堆是空间核电源和核推进的研究基础,大功率核反应堆的体积和质量一直是限制航空航天设计的重要因素。针对这一问题,本文对MW级空间核反应堆系统热管式辐射散热器进行建模和分析,建立热管式辐射散热器的热阻模型,利用穷举法和遗传算法在给定工况下探讨裸碳纤维翅片长度Lf和厚度δf、冷却剂质量流量m、辐射散热器入口温度Tf1对散热器质量M的影响。结果表明,当Tf1=800 K、Lf=5 cm、δf=0.16 mm、m=9 kg/s时,M达到最优,为906.593 kg,优化了0.63%的系统质量。 相似文献
85.
Moral conflict theory explains deep moral differences and patterns of communication commonly associated with such conflicts. Moral conflict is defined as a struggle between humans, but we argue that the objects of contention in such intractable conflicts, including texts, physical objects, and places, assume a force of their own. We use actor–network theory to help explain this eventuality and to expand our understanding of moral conflict. Combining actor–network theory literature with moral conflict theory literature helps us understand the complexity of moral orders and the networks of actors involved in the construction of moral conflict. This expansion of literature also allows us to conceive of more possibilities for transcendent discourse. 相似文献
86.
With the emergence of distributed ledger technology (DLT), numerous practitioners and researchers have proclaimed its beneficial impact on supply chain transactions in the future. However, the vast majority of DLT initiatives are discontinued after a short period. With the full potential of DLT laying far down the road, especially managers in supply chain management (SCM) seek for short-term cost-saving effects of DLT in order to achieve long-term benefits of DLT in the future. However, the extant research has bypassed grounding long-term as well as short-term effects of DLT on supply chain transaction with empirical data. We address this shortcoming, following an abductive research approach and combining empirical data from a multiple case study design with the corresponding literature. Our study reveals that the effects of DLT on supply chain transactions are two-sided. We found six effects of DLT solutions that have a cost-reducing or cost avoidance impact on supply chain transactions. In addition, we found two effects that change the power distribution between buyers and suppliers in transactions and a single effect that reduces the dependency of supply chain transactions on third parties. While cost-reducing and avoidance as well as dependency-reducing effects are positive effects, the change in power distribution might come with disadvantages. With these findings, the paper provides the first empirical evidence of the impact of DLT on supply chain transactions, which will enable managers to improve their assessment of DLT usage in supply chains. 相似文献
87.
88.
Mariame Amine Abdellatif Kobbane Jalel Ben‐Othman Abdellaziz Walid 《International Journal of Communication Systems》2020,33(8)
Recently, academic and industrial research communities are paying more explicit attention to the 5G multiple radio access technology ultra‐dense networks (5G multi‐RAT UDNs) for boosting network capacity, especially in UD urban zones. To this aim, in this paper, we intend to tackle the user association problem in 5G multi‐RAT UDNs. By considering the decoupled uplink/downlink access (DUDA), we divide our user association problem into two distinct subproblems representing, respectively, the uplink and the downlink channels. Next, we formulated each one as a nonlinear optimization problem with binary variables. Then, to solve them, we were restricted by the hard complexity, as well as the hard feasibility of centralized user association schemes. Thus, to resolve our user association problem in a reasonable time and distributed manner, we formulated each subproblem as a many‐to‐one matching game based on matching theory. Next, we provide two fully distributed association algorithms to compute the uplink and downlink stable matching among user equipments (UEs) and base stations (BSs). Simulation results corroborate our theoretical model and show the effectiveness and improvement of our achieved results in terms of the overall network performance, quality of service (QoS), and energy efficiency (EE) of UEs. 相似文献
89.
A quality-by-design approach was adopted to develop telmisartan potassium (TP) tablets, which were bioequivalent with the commercially available Micardis® (telmisartan free base) tablets. The dissolution pattern and impurity profile of TP tablets differed from those of Micardis® tablets because telmisartan free base is poorly soluble in water. After identifying the quality target product profile and critical quality attributes (CQAs), drug dissolution, and impurities were predicted to be risky CQAs. To determine the exact range and cause of risks, we used the risk assessment (RA) tools, preliminary hazard analysis and failure mode and effect analysis to determine the parameters affecting drug dissolution, impurities, and formulation. The range of the design space was optimized using the face-centered central composite design among the design of experiment (DOE) methods. The binder, disintegrant, and kneading time in the wet granulation were identified as X values affecting Y values (disintegration, hardness, friability, dissolution, and impurities). After determining the design space with the desired Y values, the TP tablets were formulated and their dissolution pattern was compared with that of the reference tablet. The selected TP tablet formulated using design space showed a similar dissolution to that of Micardis® tablets at pH 7.5. The QbD approach TP tablet was bioequivalent to Micardis® tablets in beagle dogs. 相似文献
90.
铜-配体(L)-三肽组成的三元复合物[Cu(L)M]2+,其中,L表示4′-氯-2,2′:6′,2″-三联吡啶(缩写为4Cl-tpy);M表示酪氨酰-甘氨酰-色氨酸(YGW)及其修饰型三肽(CH3CO-YGW-OCH3,缩写 Ac-YGW-OMe)。使用该复合物,通过碰撞诱导解离 (collision-induced dissociation, CID)产生两种自由基离子 ([YGW]·+和[Ac-YGW-OMe]·+)。采用串联质谱结合密度泛函理论 (density functional theory, DFT)得到气相稳定结构,并研究其气相解离行为。研究结果表明,[YGW]·+和[Ac-YGW-OMe]·+的气相解离行为截然不同,[YGW]·+主要产生[M-CO2-116]+和[M-CO2]·+碎片离子;而[Ac-YGW-OMe]·+在气相中主要产生[M-CH3OH]·+碎片离子。推测这两种离子的气相裂解机理分别为:[YGW]·+羧基上的质子重排到多肽骨架中羰基氧上,经历 Cα-C键的断裂产生[M-CO2]·+、断裂色氨酸侧链 Cβ-Cγ键产生[M-CO2-116]+离子;[Ac-YGW-OMe]·+则先经历质子重排到酯基氧上,然后经过C-O酯键的断裂形成[M-CH3OH]·+离子。参与重排的质子可能有3个来源:Ac-YGW-OMe中甘氨酸的Cα-H、色氨酸的Cα-H 或Cβ-H,该机理有待进一步验证。本研究将为其他类型多肽及衍生物的结构及气相反应机理研究提供参考。 相似文献